Fake News in cosmetics: how to recognize them

07 January 2025

Home / Blog / Fake News in cosmetics: how to recognize them

The cosmetics industry in Italy is a fundamental pillar of the economy, with a market value estimated at over 12 billion euros in 2023, approximately 35,000 direct employees, and a significant supply chain. Additionally, the sector is one of the leaders in exports, with "Made in Italy" products appreciated worldwide. In cosmetics, science and innovation merge to create effective and safe products, but it is also a field frequently exposed to misinformation. Fake news about ingredients, risks, and supposed miraculous effects spread quickly, fueled by social media and unverified sources. This phenomenon not only confuses consumers but also risks damaging the reputation of companies that invest in scientific research, safety, and transparency. Navigating the vast and perilous landscape for conscious use of cosmetic products is essential, especially in a society where personal image is considered a fundamental calling card, often leading to social pressures, personal insecurities, and discrimination. Thus, it is crucial to learn how to read both primary and secondary sources, which should be the foundation of any scientific article in a trade journal, thesis, blog post, or Instagram post.
Here are some of the most common myths about cosmetics and what science says.

Anti-aging cosmetics: unrealistic promises

Many anti-aging products promise miraculous results, such as the total elimination of wrinkles or the restoration of youthful skin elasticity. In reality, no cosmetic can stop the aging process; the best possible outcome is to reduce its signs. It's better to be wary of exaggerated slogans and trust products with proven active ingredients, such as retinol or vitamin C.

Ingredients: natural or synthetic?

There is a belief that natural ingredients are always better and safer than synthetic ones. However, even natural substances can cause allergies or irritation. What matters is the safety and effectiveness of the ingredient, regardless of its origin: a product with synthetic ingredients from a reliable company is better than a "natural" cosmetic of dubious origin.

INCI: how to read It

The INCI (International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients) lists the ingredients present in a product. However, without proper knowledge, it is easy to draw incorrect conclusions about a product's safety or effectiveness based solely on the INCI. It is important to consult reliable sources or industry professionals for accurate interpretation.

Anti-Cellulite creams: expectations vs. reality

Anti-cellulite creams often promise quick and definitive results. In reality, they can temporarily improve the skin's appearance but never eliminate cellulite. The only way to address this issue radically is through lifestyle changes: a balanced diet and regular exercise are the secrets to success.

Preservatives in cosmetics: the paraben doubt

Parabens are often demonized as harmful preservatives. However, scientific studies have shown that, at the concentrations used in cosmetics, they are safe for human use. In fact, it's better to use products with parabens (in the right concentrations) than without: the absence of adequate preservatives can lead to microbial contamination, making the cosmetic potentially dangerous for health.

The Misleading “Free From” marketing

The "free from" label (e.g., free from silicones, free from parabens) is often used as a marketing strategy to suggest that a product is safer or more natural. However, the absence of an ingredient does not necessarily guarantee a better or safer product and is often just a marketing ploy. It is essential to evaluate the entire formulation and its effectiveness.